A. Match the pictures with the words.

B. Put the above words into the following groups.

Sky, Body

Alireza is visiting an observatory.

He is talking to Ms Tabesh who works there.

Ms Tabesh: Are you interested in the planets?

Alireza: Yes! They are really interesting for me, but I don't know much about them.

Ms Tabesh: Planets are really amazing but not so much alike. Do you know how they are different?

Alireza: Umm... I know they go around the Sun in different orbits.

Ms Tabesh: That's right. They have different colors and sizes, too. Some are rocky like Mars, some have rings like Saturn and some have moons like Uranus.

Alireza: How wonderful! Can we see them without a telescope?

Ms Tabesh: Yeah ---, we can see the planets nearer to us without a telescope, such as Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. We can see Uranus and Neptune only with powerful telescopes

Alireza: And which planet is the largest of all?

Ms Tabesh: Jupiter is the largest one. It has more than sixty moons. Do you want to look at it?

Alireza: I really like that.

Answer the following questions orally.

1. How are the planets different?

1. The planets are different in their colors, sizes, and physical characteristics.

2. Can we see all planets without a telescope?

No, we can't. We can't see all of them.

Do you know the names of the planets in Persian?

Yes, I do.

The human body is a real wonder.

It is sometimes good to think about our body and how it works.

Our body is doing millions of jobs all the time.

One of the most important parts of the body is blood.

The heart pumps this red liquid around the body.

This keeps us healthy and alive.

More than half of blood is plasma.

This is a clear and yellow liquid.

It carries red and white cells.

There are millions of red blood cells in one small drop of blood.

They carry oxygen round the body and collect carbon dioxide from body parts.

There are thousands of white cells in a drop of blood.

They are bigger than red cells.

They defend our body against microbes.

This wonderful liquid is a great gift from Allah.

We can thank Allah by keeping our body healthy.

One way to do that is eating healthy food and doing daily exercises.

Another way is to donate our blood to those who need it.

A. Choose the best answer.

1- What color is plasma?

a) red b) yellow c) white

2- How can we keep our body healthy?

a) By eating fast foods b) By doing daily exercises c) By sleeping late

3- How many white blood cells are there in a drop of blood?

a) hundreds b) thousands c) millions

B. True / False

1. There are only white cells in plasma. (F)

2. Red cells are smaller than white cells. (T)

3. The number of red cells is more than white cells.(T)

1. The heart pumps blood round the body to keep us alive.

2. Our body is really wonderful so it is sometimes good to think about it.

3. Red blood cells carry oxygen round the body and collect carbon dioxide.

b. then it is dangerous

The Nile is the longest river on Earth.

It is more than 6,000 kilometers long.

It is an important river for African people.

It gives water to people and animals.

There are other rivers in Africa but they are not as important as the Nile.

These rivers aren't very long.

They are useful for villages and small cities.

We live in a wonderful world.

All around us there are amazing things like small and big animals; long rivers; dark jungles; tall mountains; and different people and nations.

This world is like a strange book.

We need to read it carefully.

Then we can find many great things in our world.

B. Read the following examples.

Look at the blue sky!

I just watched an interesting movie.

They are amazing people.

He works with powerful computers.

Many interesting animals live in forests of Iran.

Sara is as kind as Neda.

Our class is as big as your class.

His grandfather is as old as my grandfather.

Tigers are as dangerous as lions.

Comparative Adjectives

Damavand is taller than Dena.

Asia is bigger than Europe.

Omid is younger than Reza.

Karoon is longer than Atrak.

Mars is smaller than Jupiter.

Damavand is the tallest mountain of Iran.

Asia is the biggest of all.

Omid is the youngest student of our class.

Karoon is the longest river of Iran.

Jupiter is the largest of all.

C. Tell your teacher how 'adjectives' are used in sentences.

D. Read the 'Conversation' and underline all 'adjectives'.

E. Look at the pictures and choose the best sentence.

This is a modern car.

This is an old car.

Our house is the smallest of all.

Our house is as small as their houses.

David is taller than his father.

David is as tall as his father.

The blue pencil is longer than the yellow pencil.

The yellow pencil is as short as the blue pencil.

F. Work with a friend.

Make sentences with these adjectives to describe and compare people, things, or places you know

brave, kind, large, fast

G. Go to part II of your Workbook and do A, B and C.

Hint

Some adjectives have irregular comparative and superlative forms

good, better, the best

bad, worse, the worst

far, farther, the farthest

many / much, more, the most

A. Read the following examples with 'comparative/superlative adjectives'.

This problem is more difficult than that one.

Actually, this is the most difficult problem of the book.

Persian zebras are more beautiful than African zebras.

They are the most beautiful of all.

This laptop is more expensive than that one.

Sharks are more dangerous than whales.

They are the most dangerous animals of the sea.

Gold is expensive.

Gold is more expensive than silver.

Gold is the most expensive metal of the world.

G. Go to part II of your Workbook and do D.

Speaking Strategy

Asking about details

A. You may use adjectives to describe something or ask about details such as the quality, size, age, and color.

How was the movie?

It was very interesting. I am going to watch it again.

Was it an old film?

Yeah, actually it was black and white.

You may use the following patterns to ask and answer about details.

How is (was)?

It is (was) interesting/ beautiful/ nice …..

What color is it?

It is black/ white/ yellow.

Was it a modern house?

Yes, it was. (No, it was an old house).

B. Listen to the following conversations and complete the sentences.

Conversation 1

I bought a dress for my mother’s birthday.

Good. What color was it?

It was red. It was really beautiful.

Was it expensive?

No, it wasn’t.

Did she like it?

Yeah. She got very happy when she saw it.

1. She bought a dress.

2. It was a beautiful cheap red dress.

Pair up and add 2 turns to the conversation by asking about the size and quality of the dress.

You may use the adjectives in the box.

Size: long, large

Quality: beautiful, nice

Conversation 2

Do you cook?

yes sometimes. I like cooking healthy food

Is it difficult to cook?

No actually is very easy.

Who helps you when you cook?

My mother and my younger sister.

How interesting. Can you tell me how to cook?

Yes of course.

1. She likes cooking.

2. Cooking is easy.

Pair up and choose 3 adjectives in box 2 to describe people, places, and fruits in box 1.

Compare your answers with your friend's.

my best friend, apple, our school, our English teacher, Boostan Park, pepper

small, green, yellow, medium, fresh, red, kind, careful, neat, nice, beautiful, long, helpful

A. Listen to the following sentences. They have rising intonation.

1. Is this your new car? ↗

2. Was the book interesting? ↗

3. Is this problem easier than that one?↗

4. Are they the most expensive houses in this city? ↗

When you check information, use rising intonation.

C. Listen to the conversation and draw downward or upward arrows to identify falling and rising intonations.

A: I heard you travelled abroad this summer.↘

Is it true?↗

B: Yes.↘

I went to Japan.↘

I was there for 2 weeks.↘

A: How was your trip?↘

B: It was very interesting.↘

The country was very clean and people were very polite.↘

A: What about food?↘

B: I ate seafood.↘

Japanese people make delicious food with fish.↘

A: Do you like to go there again?↗

B: Yes, of course.↘

But I like to stay there longer and visit different places.↘

Adjective

An adjective describes a noun.

It gives more information in terms of such elements:

1) Quality/ Opinion: nice - neat - boring.

a beautiful flower

2) Size: small - tall - short

a big cat

3) Age: modern, young, new

an old tree

4) Color: black - red - dark

a blue sky

5) Nationality: Iranian - German - Chinese

African lions

6) Material: wooden - rocky - golden

plastic balls

Place of Adjectives

Adjectives usually come before a noun:

an interesting planet, two small moons, red cells

Adjectives usually come after the verb 'be'.

Human body is amazing.

She was so happy.

Venus is smaller than Earth.

B. Complete each sentence with a suitable adjective. One adjective is extra.

1. It's not funny. Don't laugh please!

2. She looked at the cloudy sky above the sea.

3. Be careful! Look both ways when you cross the street

4. Mary lost her golden watch in the park.

Spelling Hint

Look at the following adjective forms.

Adjectives, Comparative, Superlative

hot, hotter, the hottest

big, bigger, the biggest

red, redder, the reddest

easy, easier, the easiest

cloudy, cloudier, the cloudiest

happy, happier, the happiest

C. Write the 'comparative' and 'superlative' forms of each adjective.

angry, strong, hot, far, neat, ugly.

D. Complete each sentence with a comparative or superlative form of an adjective in the box.

deep, good, dangerous, expensive, small

1. Pluto is smaller than the moon of Earth.

2. Are you sure this is the best way of doing it?

3. Lions are the most dangerous animals in the world.

4. This lake is the deepest one in the world.

5. A plane ticket is more expensive than a train ticket.

A. Listen to five interesting things about our brain.

1. The brain is more active at night than during the day.

2. Most part of the brain is water.

3. When you laugh five different parts of the brain are active.

4. Information moves in the brain faster than the fastest cars.

5. When the brain does not have good and healthy food, it becomes smaller.

1. Fill in the blanks based on what you just heard.

The brain becomes smaller when it doesn’t have enough good and healthy food.

When you laugh five different parts of the brain are active.

2. Listen again and list all 'adjectives'.

interesting, more active, different fastest, good, healthy, small, fattiest, better, deep

B. Now read five more interesting things about our brain.

6. The brain gives enough energy to light a small lamp.

7. Seafood is the best food for the brain.

8. The brain is the fattiest body organ.

9. Reading and listening help the brain work well.

10. Good and deep sleep helps the brain work better.

3. Underline all 'adjectives'.

C. Work in pairs. Ask and answer. Use appropriate intonation.

Is our brain an amazing organ?

Oh yes it is

What type of food is good for our brain?

Seafood is good for our brain.

Tell me two interesting things about our brain.

The brain give enough energy to light a small lamp and it is the fattiest body organ.